Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM): Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Options

Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM) is a common but often overlooked condition that affects many women during and after menopause. Caused by a decline in estrogen levels, GSM can impact the vagina, vulva, and urinary tract, leading to symptoms that affect comfort, intimacy, and overall quality of life.

Although it is a natural result of hormonal changes, GSM is a chronic condition that can worsen over time if left untreated. Fortunately, a variety of effective treatment options are available to help women manage symptoms and restore confidence.

What Is Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause?

Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM) is the modern medical term used to describe a collection of vaginal, vulvar, sexual, and urinary symptoms caused by decreased estrogen levels.

Historically, GSM was referred to as atrophic vaginitis or vulvovaginal atrophy. While these terms are still used, GSM is now preferred because it more accurately reflects the wide range of symptoms that can affect both vaginal and urinary health.

What Causes Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause?

As women approach menopause, estrogen production naturally declines. Estrogen plays an important role in maintaining healthy vaginal and urinary tissues by supporting blood flow, elasticity, lubrication, and tissue thickness.

When estrogen levels decrease, the tissues of the vagina, vulva, and urinary tract can become thinner, drier, less elastic, and more prone to irritation and inflammation.

While GSM is most commonly associated with menopause, similar symptoms may occur temporarily during breastfeeding or following certain medical treatments that reduce estrogen levels.

Common Symptoms of Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause

Symptoms can range from mild to severe and may significantly affect daily activities, relationships, and sexual wellness.

Common symptoms include:

• Vaginal dryness

• Vaginal itching or burning

• Increased vaginal discharge

• Vaginal irritation or discomfort

• Pain during sexual intercourse

• Painful orgasms

• Reduced sexual desire (low libido)

• Decreased sexual arousal

• Urinary urgency or frequency

• Urinary incontinence

• Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs)

• Bladder discomfort or dysfunction

• Painful urination

Many women assume these symptoms are simply a normal part of aging and do not seek treatment. However, effective therapies are available and can often provide significant relief.

Treatment Options for GSM

Treatment recommendations depend on the severity of symptoms and each woman's individual health needs.

Common treatment options may include:

• Vaginal moisturizers and lubricants

• Hormonal therapies, including localized estrogen treatments

• Non-hormonal therapies

• Pelvic floor strengthening treatments

• Lifestyle modifications

• Advanced vaginal rejuvenation treatments such as MonaLisa Touch®

While menopause is a natural life transition, its symptoms can significantly impact your quality of life. If you are experiencing bothersome symptoms such as hot flashes, vaginal dryness, urinary incontinence, sleep disturbances, mood changes, or low libido, it is important to speak with a healthcare provider.

Menopause Treatment and Support at U Renew

At U Renew in Stony Plain, Alberta, we provide comprehensive menopause consultations and personalized treatment options to help women manage perimenopause and menopause symptoms. Depending on your needs, treatment may include hormonal or non-hormonal therapies, lifestyle recommendations, and advanced wellness solutions designed to improve your comfort, confidence, and overall quality of life.

Contact U Renew today to schedule a menopause consultation and learn how we can help you navigate this important stage of life with confidence.

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Phone: 780-968-6888
Text: 780-264-2874
hello@urenew.ca

Located in
Amaris Medical Centre
5012 50 Street
Stony Plain, AB T7Z 1T3